Switching between desktop environments/window managers Tip: This method can be combined with automatic login to virtual console. See also Fish#Start X at login and Systemd/User#Automatic login into Xorg without display manager. If you want to take the risk and remain logged in when the X session ends, remove exec. The exec command ensures that the user is logged out when the X server exits, crashes or is killed by an attacker. You can replace the -eq comparison with one like -le 3 (for vt1 to vt3) if you want to use graphical logins on more than one virtual terminal.Īlternative conditions to detect the virtual terminal include "$(tty)" = "/dev/tty1", which does not allow comparison with -le, and "$(fgconsole 2>/dev/null || echo -1)" -eq 1, which does not work in serial consoles. ~/.bash_profile for Bash or ~/.zprofile for Zsh): Place the following in your login shell initialization file (e.g. Make sure that startx is properly configured. See also #Starting applications without a window manager and Running program in separate X display. Tip: This can be used to start regular GUI programs but without any of the basic window manager features. See Xserver(1) for a list of all command line options. Therefore, it is recommended to specify vt$XDG_VTNR in the ~/.xserverrc file:Įxec /usr/bin/Xorg -nolisten tcp vt$XDG_VTNR In order to maintain an authenticated session with logind and to prevent bypassing the screen locker by switching terminals, Xorg has to be started on the same virtual terminal where the login occurred. Both startx and xinit execute ~/.xserverrc if it exists, startx will use /etc/X11/xinit/xserverrc otherwise. The xserverrc file is a shell script responsible for starting up the X server. Prepending exec will replace the script process with the window manager process, so that X does not exit even if this process forks to the background. Note that some programs should instead not be forked, to avoid race bugs, as is the case of xrdb. Otherwise, the script would halt and wait for each program to exit before executing the window manager or desktop environment. Long-running programs started before the window manager, such as a screensaver and wallpaper application, must either fork themselves or be run in the background by appending an & sign. Note: At the very least, ensure that the last if block in /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc is present in your ~/.xinitrc file to ensure that the scripts in /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.d are sourced.
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